What is the significance of Marbury v. Madison?

• A. It established the right to vote
• B. It abolished slavery
• C. It established the principle of judicial review
• D. It confirmed the right to free speech

Answer: (C)

The significance of Marbury v. Madison lies in its establishment of the principle of judicial review, which allows the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of the legislative and executive branches unconstitutional. This landmark case, decided in 1803, marked the first time the Supreme Court asserted its authority to review acts of Congress, thereby solidifying its role as a co-equal branch of government alongside the executive and legislative branches.

Chief Justice John Marshall's ruling emphasized that it is the duty of the judiciary to uphold the Constitution, thereby giving the courts the power to check the other branches of government and ensure that the rule of law is maintained. This principle has since become a cornerstone of American constitutional law, allowing the judiciary to protect individual rights and maintain a balance of power within the government.