What does the system of checks and balances allow each branch of government to do?

• A. Expand its powers without limit
• B. Override the decisions of the Supreme Court
• C. Limit the powers of the other branches
• D. Control the actions of state governments

Answer: (C)

The system of checks and balances is a foundational principle of the U.S. Constitution designed to ensure that no single branch of government—executive, legislative, or judicial—grows too powerful or abuses its power. Each branch has specific powers and responsibilities but is also equipped with mechanisms to check the powers of the other branches.

For instance, the legislative branch (Congress) can pass laws, but the executive branch (the President) has the power to veto legislation. In turn, Congress can override that veto with a supermajority vote, demonstrating a direct check. The judicial branch (the courts) can interpret laws and has the power to declare legislation or executive actions unconstitutional, serving as a further check on the legislative and executive branches.

This interaction between the branches ensures a balance of power within the government, compelling each branch to work with, and not against, one another, thereby protecting against tyranny and majorities overriding minority rights. The intent is to create a government in which powers are separated and each branch must collaborate with the others to execute its functions effectively.

In contrast, the other choices suggest ideas that undermine this balance. Expanding powers without limit contradicts the very purpose of checks and balances, and overriding Supreme Court decisions misrepresents judicial